Garage floor coating systems are typically made of durable epoxy that is applied directly to the concrete subflooring. You have a huge choice of colors, including types that contain flecks of multiple colors. The coating looks good and protects the concrete from damage and stains. The application requires several steps, but overall it is a simple process.

1. Repairs

Concrete garage floors aren't as prone to damage as exterior concrete, but small cracks and chips can be present. These small damages must be repaired before the coating can be applied. Your contractor will fill in the damage with a concrete epoxy filler. They will then sand down the filler so you have a smooth and unbroken floor surface. 

2. Cleaning

A deep clean removes any dirt or grime that would otherwise prevent the coating from adhering to the floors. If there have been oil or fluid spills on the concrete, then it will be necessary to absorb as much of the excess as possible and then clean the floor as thoroughly as possible so that no fluids remain within the concrete to compromise the coating application. 

3. Neutralizing 

Many concrete cleaners have an acidic base so that they are capable of breaking down and removing the grime that gets into the concrete's pores. Epoxy doesn't adhere well when the surface acidity is high, so the floors must be neutralized with an alkaline wash after cleaning. Typically a diluted ammonia mixture is used to neutralize the floor. It is worked into the concrete with a stiff brush and then rinsed afterward.

4. Priming

Much like painting a wall, a primer is a must before any real painting begins. Primer seals in stains so they don't bleed through the final finish. A primer also helps the coating adhere better and improves the final coverage. A special primer for use with concrete epoxy coatings is rolled onto the floor until coverage is complete. The primer coat must dry completely before the garage floor coating is applied. 

5. Coating

The final step is applying the epoxy. Depending on the product, it may be rolled on or it may be poured on and then spread out evenly. Roll-on products typically require multiple coatings, with each coat being left to dry thoroughly before the next is applied. Pour-on style coatings are applied thickly and allowed to dry. These may then be buffed smooth afterward. 

Contact a contractor to discuss whether a garage floor coating system is a good solution for your needs.